INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN VEGETABLES- SUCCESS STORIES


With the objective of improving productivity, sustaining yield and soil health, farmer level demonstration trials were initiated in 2014 in different districts. One of the treatments in these trials was soil test based integrated nutrient management system combining lime, organic manures, bio fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers which was compared with the farmer level practices to highlight the benefits accrued. Trials were carried out in farmers fields with paddy, tapioca, banana, and vegetables. The results clearly indicated the superiority of soil test based integrated nutrient management with organics and bio fertilizer, bringing about a positive influence in economic benefits
Transfer of integrated nutrient management technology needs validation in the farm level. The Department of Agriculture in collaboration with the National Institute of Plant Health Management, Hyderabad, is conducting a Post Graduate Diploma Programme on Plant Health for Agricultural Officers of the State. Conduct of field trials on soil and plant health management is part of the curriculum.
Under this programme, multi-locational field trials on various crops have been undertaken and results are encouraging. Many farmers are now adopting this technology for improving crop productivity and sustaining soil health.

The success stories detailed below are projections from experiments conducted in different districts by the Agricultural Officers in small plots of farmer’s fields. The results are indicative of the positive effect of soil test based integrated nutrient management. However, when extended to larger areas the increase in yields/benefits accrued may not be same as the projections and slight variations in results are expected.

A few success stories on various crops are presented

CROP: PADDY


DISTRICT : KANNUR
BLOCK : KALLIASSERI

PANCHAYATH : CHERUTHAZHAM

Cheruthazham
Cheruthazham

Total Area of Panchayath : 3218 ha
Agro ecological unit : Northern Laterite agro-ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 3217 mm
Crops cultivated : Coconut, rice, rubber, cashew and areca nut

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, low in potassium, deficient in calcium, magnesium and boron

Farmer Address Production(ha)
Farmer's practices Soil test based
Sri. K.Damodharan
Cheruthazham P.O, Kannur
3100 kg/ha (32400 Rs/ha) 5200 kg/ha (45800 Rs/ha)

  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based integrated nutrient application over farmers’ practices
  • Yield increase over farmers’ practices: 67 %
  • Increase in income over farmers’ practices: 41 %

SOURCE : Krishi Bhavan, Vadakkancherry, Palakkad Distict

CROP: PADDY


DISTRICT : PALAKKAD
BLOCK : ALATHUR

PANCHAYATH : VADAKKANCHERRY

Vadakkancherry‍
Vadakkancherry‍
Vadakkancherry‍

Total Area of Panchayath : 3788 ha
Agro ecological unit : Central Plain agro-ecological unit
Climate : Tropical sub humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 1966 mm
Mean annual temperature : 27.6 °C
Crops cultivated : Rice,coconut, rubber and banana

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, low in available potassium and deficient in boron

Farmer Address Production(ha)
Farmer's practices Soil test based
Kuruvai padasekharam, Vadakkancherry 4250 kg/ha 5500 kg/ha

included biofertilizers and VAM


  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based integrated nutrient application over farmers’ practices
  • Yield increase over farmers’ practices: 30 %
  • Increase in net profit over farmers’ practices: 24 %

SOURCE : Shri. K.P. Suresh , Agricultural Officer , Krishi Bhavan, Angadippuram, Malappuram District

CROP: PADDY (VAR. PONMANI)


DISTRICT : MALAPPURAM
BLOCK : PERINTHALMANNA

PANCHAYATH : ANGADIPURAM

Angadipuram
Angadipuram
Angadipuram
Angadipuram
Angadipuram
Angadipuram

Total Area of Panchayath : 3694 ha
Agro ecological unit : Northern Laterite agro-ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 3217 mm
Mean annual temperature : 27.3 °C
Crops cultivated : Coconut, rubber, banana, tapioca,pepper and rice

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, medium in organic carbon and potassium, high in phosphorus, and deficient in magnesium and boron

Farmer Address
Total Area
Shri. Yousaf, Pothukkattil (H)
Padasekharam Convener, Pariyapuram
Fallow land at Angadipuram (Kayilipadam)
8 acres

Paddy cultivated on fallow lands in 2018 with the following practices:

  • Bio Priming of Paddy seeds with Pseudomonas
  • Root dipping of seed mat in trichoderma slurry
  • Agro Ecological System Analysis -Ecological engineering
  • Fertilizer application based Soil test
  • Yield of paddy from 8 acres : 30 tons
  • Productivity of paddy (t/ha): 9.3 ( as against the average local productivity of 3.75 t/ha)
  • Marketing strategy: Through Social Media-DoorDelivery

SOURCE : Shri. K.P. Suresh , A.O., Krishi Bhavan – Angadippuram & Agro Service Centre

CROP: PADDY


DISTRICT : ERNAKULAM
BLOCK : VAZHAKKULAM

PANCHAYATH : CHOORNIKKARA

Choornikkara
Choornikkara
Choornikkara
Choornikkara

Total Area of Panchayath : 1101 ha
Agro ecological unit : South Central Laterite agro-ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 2827 mm
Mean annual temperature : 26.5 °C
Crops cultivated : Coconut, rubber, paddy and banana

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Acidic, high in organic carbon and phosphorus, and deficient in calcium, magnesium and boron

Farmer Address
Total Area (ha)
Group Initiate of 'Adayalam'- A group of young farmers
Fallow land at Choornikkara panchayat
15 acres during first year and 30 acres during second year

Paddy cultivated on fallow lands in 2018 with the following practices:

  • Two week old seedlings were planted using transplanters
  • Plant protection measures through green chemicals
  • VAM and Pseudomonas were the bio agents
  • Agro Ecological System Analysis -Ecological engineering
  • Lime (dolomite) and fertilizer application based on Soil test
  • Productivity of rice: 1St year : 9.8 tonnes/ha | 2nd year : 10.1 tonnes/ha
  • Marketing strategy: Branded rice “Choornikkara kuthari”

SOURCE : Shri John Sherry, Agricultural Officer, Krishibhavan, Choornikkara, Ernakulam District

CROP: TAPIOCA


DISTRICT : MALAPPURAM
BLOCK : TIRUR

PANCHAYATH : VETTOM

Vettom‍
Vettom‍

Total Area of Panchayath : 2160 ha
Agro ecological unit : Northern Coastal Plain agro-ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 3133 mm
Mean annual temperature : 28.0 °C
Crops cultivated : Coconut, rice, cashew and pepper

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, low in organic carbon and deficient in calcium and magnesium

Farmer Address Production(ha)
Farmer's practices POP (KAU) Soil test based
Sri. Shamsudheen C.M
Chundanveettil Mandayapurath House, Vettom
11750 kg/ha(114050 Rs) 11250 kg/ha(103400 Rs) 13000 kg/ha(151600 Rs)

  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based nutrient application over POP based and farmers’ practices
  • Increase in profit over farmers’ practices : 32 %

SOURCE : Krishi Bhavan, Vettom, Malappuram District

CROP: BITTER GOURD (VAR. PRIYANKA)


DISTRICT : PATHANAMTHITTA
BLOCK : KOIPURAM

PANCHAYATH : PURAMATTOM

Puramattom
Puramattom
Puramattom
Puramattom
Puramattom
Puramattom

Total Area of Panchayath : 1466 ha
Agro ecological unit : South Central Laterite agro-ecological unit delineated to represent the midland laterite terrain with typical laterite soils
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 2827 mm
Mean annual temperature : 26.5 °C
Crops cultivated : Rubber, coconut, tapioca, pepper, banana

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, low in phosphorus and potassium and deficient in calcium, magnesium, zinc and boron

Farmer Address Production(ha)
Farmer's practices Farmers’ practices + AMF Soil test based Soil test based + AMF
Sri Alex Mathew
Komattu house, Mundamala P.O, Puramattom
15.21 Ton(Rupees 2.78 Lakhs) 14.63 Ton(Rupees 2.70 Lakhs) 16.38 Ton(Rupees 3.33 Lakhs) 18.12 Ton(Rupees 4.16 Lakhs)

AMF- Arbiscular Mycorrhizal Fungi


  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based integrated nutrient application over farmers’ practices
  • Yield increase over farmers’ practices : 23 %
  • Highest benefit cost ratio (2.2 ) is observed for 4th Treatment

Based on the success of the above field experiment, Sri Alex Mathew has converted his rubber area for vegetable crop cultivation (snake gourd, cowpea, bindi and cucumber) adopting the same technology. He has now become a full time vegetable grower and has also opened an outlet for sale of the produce

SOURCE : PGDPHM dissertation on Effect of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on yield of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) (var. Priyanka), 2015 by Smt. Regy V.J., Agricultural Officer , Krishi Bhavan, Puramattom, Pathanamthitta District

CROP: BEANS


DISTRICT : IDUKKI
BLOCK : DEVIKULAM

PANCHAYATH : KANTHALLOOR

Kanthalloor

Total Area of Panchayath : 11620 ha
Agro ecological unit : Marayoor Dry Hills agro-ecological unit delineated to represent the low rainfall (Rain shadow) region of the high hill zone
Climate : Tropical sub humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 1276 mm
Mean annual temperature : 23.7 °C
Crops cultivated : Arecanut, pepper, banana, coconut and cool season vegetables

SOIL TEST RESULTS

acidic, low in organic carbon, deficient in calcium, magnesium and boron

Farmer Address Production(ha)
Farmer's practices Soil test based Yield increase
Sri. P.T. Mohandas
Mountain Shine House, Kanthalloor
12.6 Ton 18.7 Ton 48.4 %

  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based nutrient application over farmers’ practices
  • Yield increase over farmers’ practices for beans: 48.4 %

SOURCE : Mr. K. Murugan Krishi Bhavan, Kanthalloor, Idukki District

CROP: CARROT


DISTRICT : IDUKKI
BLOCK : DEVIKULAM

PANCHAYATH : KANTHALLOOR

Kanthalloor

Total Area of Panchayath : 11620 ha
Agro ecological unit : Marayoor Dry Hills agro-ecological unit delineated to represent the low rainfall (Rain shadow) region of the high hill zone
Climate : Tropical sub humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 1276 mm
Mean annual temperature : 23.7 °C
Crops cultivated : Arecanut, pepper, banana, coconut and cool season vegetables

SOIL TEST RESULTS

acidic, low in organic carbon, deficient in calcium, magnesium and boron

Farmer Address Production(ha)
Farmer's practices Soil test based Yield increase (%)
Smt. Ambily Vijayan
Puthenparambil, GN Puram
18.3 Ton 28.1 Ton 53.5

  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based nutrient application over farmers’ practices
  • Yield increase over farmers’ practices for carrot: 53.5 %

SOURCE : Mr. K. Murugan, Krishi Bhavan, Kanthalloor, Idukki District

CROP: SNAKE GOURD


DISTRICT : KOLLAM
BLOCK : KOTTARAKKARA

PANCHAYATH : EZHUKONE

Ezhukone‍
Ezhukone‍

Total Area of Panchayath : 1724 ha
Agro ecological unit : The South Central Laterites agro- ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 2827 mm
Mean annual temperature : 26.5 °C
Crops cultivated : Coconut, rubber, tapioca and banana

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Very strongly acidic, deficient in magnesium, sulphur and boron

Farmer Address : Sri. Narayana Pillai
Bindu Bhavanam, Kakkakottoor, Ezhukone

Treatment Yield (t/ha) Gross income (Rs/ha) Cost of cultivation (Rs/ha) Net profit (Rs/ha)
Farmers’ practices 39075 723000 296500 426500
Farmers’ practices+ AMF 41100 760000 300500 459500
POP (KAU) 37425 692000 290000 402000
Soil test based+ AMF 43000 795500 304000 491500

AMF- Arbiscular Mycorrhizal Fungi


  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based nutrient application over POP based and farmers’ practices
  • Increase in profit over farmers’ practices : 15 %
  • Highest benefit cost ratio (2.6 ) is observed for the 4th Treatment

SOURCE : PGDPHM dissertation on Effect of VAM on the growth and yield of Snake gourd in Kollam District, 2015 by Smt. Maya P., Agricultural Officer, Krishi Bhavan, Ezhukon, Kollam District

CROP: SNAKE GOURD (VAR. KOUMUDI)


DISTRICT : ALAPPUZHA
BLOCK : KANJIKUZHI

PANCHAYATH : KANJIKUZHI

Kanjikuzhy
Kanjikuzhy
Kanjikuzhy

Total Area of Panchayath : 1662 ha
Agro ecological unit : Kuttanad special agro-ecological unit delineated to represent the waterlogged lands lying below sea level
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 2746 mm
Mean annual temperature : 27.6 °C
Crops cultivated : Coconut, cashew, areca nut and banana

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, low in potassium and deficient in magnesium, zinc and boron

Farmer Address : Sri. Anandan, Anchathara, Mayithara P.O., Kanjikuzhy

Treatment Yield (t/ha) Total income (Rs/ha) Cost of cultivation (Rs/ha) Net income (Rs/ha) BC ratio
Farmers’ practices 17.4 330600 250000 80600 1.3
POP (KAU) 17.5 332500 250000 82500 1.3
Soil test + Micronutrient mix 27.0 513000 258000 25500 2.0
Soil test based 30.0 570000 258000 312000 2.2

  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based integrated nutrient application over farmers’ practices
  • Highest benefit cost ratio (2.2 ) is observed for the Treatment (soil test based)

SOURCE : Krishi Bhavan, Kanjikuzhy, Alappuzha District

CROP: COWPEA (VAR. SWETHA)


DISTRICT : KOTTAYAM
BLOCK : UZHAVOOR

PANCHAYATH : RAMAPURAM

Ramapuram‍‍
Ramapuram‍‍
Ramapuram

Total Area of Panchayath : 5454 ha
Agro ecological unit : The South Central Laterite agro-ecological unit representing the midland laterite region with typical laterite soils
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 2827mm
Mean annual temperature : 26.5 °C
Crops cultivated : : Rubber, coconut, tapioca, banana and pepper

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, low in potassium and deficient in magnesium, zinc and boron

Farmer Address : Sri. Jose Thomas, Parekudiyil, Ramapuram

Treatment Yield (t/ha) Total income (Rs/ha) Cost of cultivation (Rs/ha) Net income (Rs/ha)
Farmers’ practices 5093 155343 128447 26896
Farmers’ practices+ PGPR 6278 191473 129389 62084
POP (KAU) 5768 175936 132872 43064
Soil test based INM+PGPR 7619 232392 143500 88892

  • Results indicated positive influence of soil test based integrated nutrient application over farmers’ practices
  • Yield increase over farmers’ practices : 21 %
  • Highest benefit cost ratio (1.6 ) is observed for the 4th treatment

SOURCE : PGDPHM dissertation on Soil Test Based Integrated Nutrient Management in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L).Walp 2017 by Mr. Jomon Joseph, Agricultural Officer, Krishi Bhavan, Ramapuram , Kottayam District

CROP: COWPEA (VAR. SWETHA)


DISTRICT : IDUKKI
BLOCK : NEDUMKANDA

PANCHAYATH : RAJAKKAD

Rajakkad
Rajakkad
Rajakkad

Total Area of Panchayath : 3103 ha
Agro ecological unit : Southern High Hills agro- ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 3602 mm
Mean annual temperature : 21.6 °C
Crops cultivated : : Pepper, cardamom, rice and coconut

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, low in phosphorus, deficient in magnesium, sulphur and boron

Farmer Address
Shri. E.C.Shajan
Elanjimattathil, Rajakkad, Idukki District

  • Soil test based fertilizer application integrated with VAM and Kunapajala gave 34 % more yield over farmer’s practices

SOURCE : PGDPHM dissertation on Soil Test Based Integrated Nutrient Management in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L).Walp 2017 by Smt. Thankamoni, Agricultural Officer, Krishi Bhavan, Rajakkad, Idukki District

CROP: AMARANTHUS TRICOLOR (VAR. ARUN)


DISTRICT : ERNAKULAM
BLOCK : EDAPALLY

PANCHAYATH : MULAVUKAD

Rajakkad
Rajakkad
Rajakkad
Rajakkad
Rajakkad
Rajakkad

Total Area of Panchayath : 860 ha
Agro ecological unit : Pokkali Lands special agro-ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 3049 mm
Mean annual temperature : 27.6 °C
Crops cultivated : : Coconut, arecanut and banana

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Acidic, medium in organic carbon and potassium, high in phosphorus and deficient in calcium, magnesium and boron

Farmer Address
Stella Maris Monastery
Mulavukad, Ernakulam District

  • Soil test based fertilizer application gave 50 % more yield over Organic POP recommendation of Kerala Agricultural University

SOURCE : PGDPHM dissertation on Soil Test Based Integrated Nutrient Management in Amaranthus (Amaranthus tricolor, Var Arun), 2017 by Smt. Sheron Fernandez, Agricultural Officer , Krishi Bhavan, Varapuzha, Ernakulam District

CROP: BHINDI


DISTRICT : KOZHIKODE
BLOCK : KUNNAMANGALAM

PANCHAYATH : PERUVAYAL

Rajakkad
Rajakkad
Rajakkad

Total Area of Panchayath : 2639 ha
Agro ecological unit : Northern Laterite agro-ecological unit
Climate : Tropical humid monsoon type
Annual Rainfall : 3217 mm
Mean annual temperature : 27.3 °C
Crops cultivated : : Coconut, arecanut, banana and pepper

SOIL TEST RESULTS

Strongly acidic, high in phosphorus, deficient in calcium and magnesium

Farmer Address
Shri. Chandrasekharan Nair
Meledathu House, Kodassery Thazham,Peruvayal

  • Soil test based fertilizer application integrated with VAM and Kunapajala gave 24 % more yield over farmer’s practices

SOURCE : PGDPHM dissertation on Soil Test Based Integrated Nutrient Management in bhindi (Abelmoschus esculentus), 2017 by Smt. Divya U.K., Agricultural Officer , Krishi Bhavan, Kadalundi, Kozhikode District

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